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Fauna and a new record of hematophagous midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in Lancang county, Yunnan province, China

FENG Yun, LIU Guo-ping, YANG Wei-hong, YANG He-fei, YANG Qiu-tong

Abstract （346）

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This paper reports 22 species of hematophagous midges belonging to 2 genera collected by light trapping and human trapping in Lancang county, Yunnan province, China in September 2018, among which there were 18 species of Culicoides and 4 species of Lasiohelea. Culicoides kinari Howarth, 1985 was a new record in China. Identifying characteristics of C. kinari were as follows:wing length 1.15 mm, 11 pale spots and a radial cell on wings, antenna sensilla coeloconica present on segments 3 and 11-15, antennal ratio 1.09, without sensory pit in the third segment of the palpus, palpal ratio 4.29, and two oval spermathecae of the same size. C. shortti was recorded for the first time in Yunnan province. Specimens are deposited in the Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Northern Theater Command (Shenyang 110034, China).

2020, 31 (1): 75-77. doi: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2020.01.015

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A preliminary study of Wolbachia infection in Nycteribiidae and Streblidae in Yunnan province, China

HAN Xi, FENG Yun, YANG Wei-hong, ZHANG Jing, PAN Hong, YANG Li-fen, WANG Juan

Abstract （318）

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Objective To investigate the infection status and genotypes of Wolbachia in Nycteribiidae and Streblidae in Yunnan province, China. Methods From 2012 to 2017, Nycteribiidae and Streblidae were collected from bats in 9 spots in Yunnan province, i.e., Mangshi, Tengchong, Wanding, Menglian, Mengla, Xiangyun, Mojiang, Yongde county, and Baoshan city. The 16S rRNA and wsp genes of Wolbachia were amplified and sequenced by PCR. Phylogenetic analyses were performed on all the 16S rRNA and wsp genes. Results From 2012 to 2017, a total of 747 (48 batches) Nycteribiidae flies and 19 (6 batches) Streblidae flies were collected from the fur of bats in the 9 collection spots in Yunnan province. A total of 24 pairs of 16S rRNA and wsp genes of Wolbachia were identified in the 54 batches of samples. For the Nycteribiidae from the fur of bats in Yunnan province, Wolbachia infection was positive in 2 out of 6 batches of Phthiridium and 19 out of 37 batches of Eucampsipoda, but negative in any batch of Nycteribia (0/4) and Penicillidia (0/1). All 6 batches of Streblidae belonged to Brachytarsina, 3 out of which were positive for Wolbachia infection. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that the 24 Wolbachia strains shared the same evolutionary branch with one from termites (DQ837204), with a 98.80%-100% homology in nucleotide sequence. Phylogenetic analysis of the wsp gene revealed that the 24 Wolbachia strains belonged to the supergroups B and F. Conclusion Wolbachia has been widely distributed in Nycteribiidae and Streblidae in Yunnan province for a long time. Phylogenetic analysis of the wsp sequences suggests that all identified Wolbachia strains belong to the supergroups B and F.

2019, 30 (1): 18-24. doi: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2019.01.004

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Fauna and a new species of hematophagous midges (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) in China-Burma border

FENG Yun, LIU Guo-ping, YANG Wei-hong, ZHANG Jing, LIANG Guo-dong

Abstract （362）

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This paper reports 2 genera, 16 species of hematophagous midges from Lushui, Fugong, Gongshan, 3 counties of Yunnan province in China-Burma border, 2017, among which 15 species in Culicoides and 1 species in Lasiohelea. A new species C. ( Culicoides) lushuiensis Liu et Feng, sp.nov. is described. Three species: C. cylindratus, C. newsteadi, La. hainana are recorded for the first time in Yunnan province. Culicoides ( Culicoides) lushuiensis Liu et Feng, sp.nov. is closely allied to C. dubius Arnaud, 1956, but is distinctly different from distal portion anal cell of wing with a ouvm shap pale spot, PR 3.00 of female; and ninth sternum with wide "V" caudomedion excavationninth, tergum apically with fine break out, Basistyle with rectangulate ventra root, aedeagus distal portion short, stout, aedeagus basal arch extending nearly to half of total length of male of C. dubius Arnaud, 1956. The type specimens are deposited in the Shenyang Command Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Shenyang 110034).

2018, 29 (6): 628-630. doi: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.06.019

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Identification of Japanese encephalitis viral infections in mosquitoes in Jinghong city, Yunnan province, China

PAN Hong, GAO Yang, FENG Yun, HAN Xi, ZHANG Jing, ZHU Jin, LI Wei-ping, LI Hong-bin, FAN Jian-hua, ZHANG Hai-lin

Abstract （361）

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Objective To investigate the natural infection with Dengue virus(DENV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) in mosquitoes in Jinghong city, Xishuangbanna prefecture, Yunnan province, China, and provide the scientific basis for its prevention and control. Methods Mosquito samples were collected from urban area of Jinghong in August and September 2015. Mosquito samples were tested for the nucleic acid of DENV and JEV by RT-PCR assay, and positive specimens were sequenced for C/PrM gene for homology and phylogenetic analyses. Results A total of 2 009 mosquitoes were collected in urban area of Jinghong. Aedes albopictus, Ae. aegypti, Culex(species not identified) and Ae. vexans were 896, 477, 634, and 2 of the total, respectively. The JEV RNA were detected from one pool of Culex mosquitoes and one pool of Ae. albopictus mosquitoes. The sequences of C/PrM genes of the 2 JEV strains were obtained. Homology and phylogenetic analyses showed that the 2 JEV strains are consistent with the genotypeⅠ(G-Ⅰ) and its clade of the same G-Ⅰ strains of JEV from GenBank, and the JEV strains from Jinghong were closely related to the JEV G-Ⅰ strains from Honghe prefecture of Yunnan in 2009, Dehong prefecture of Yunnan in 2010 and Gansu province, China in 2008. Mosquito samples tested negative for DENV in the study. Conclusion Existence of JEV G-Ⅰ in Jinghong city of Xishuangbanna prefecture was firstly confirmed from mosquitoes in 2015. It should be strengthened to monitor and control Japanese encephalitis epidemics in this area.

2018, 29 (4): 331-335. doi: 10.11853/j.issn.1003.8280.2018.04.002

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Investigation of arboviruses in different regions of Guizhou province,China in 2008

LI Ming-hua, FU Shi-hong, FENG Yun, YE Xu-fang, ZHAO Su-ye, LIU Chun-ting, LIANG Guo-dong

Abstract （685）

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Objective To investigate the distribution profiles of arboviruses in different regions of Guizhou province, China. Methods Mosquito samples were collected using mosquito lamps in Qianxi county, Dejiang county, Rongjiang county, and Congjiang county, Guizhou province in July 2008 and then used for virus isolation by tissue culture. The obtained virus isolates were identified by serological and molecular biological methods. Homology and phylogenetic analysis were performed on viral sequences by bioinformatics. Results A total of 9160 mosquitoes (4 species, 3 genera) were collected. Out of the 9 virus strains isolated from the mosquitoes, 8 were identified as Getah virus (GETV), and 1 was identified as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Compared with the prototype strain, the GETV strains had a nucleotide homology of 94.5%-94.9% and an amino acid homology of 97.4%-97.6% . The newly isolated JEV belonged to genotype Ⅰ, according to the homology and phylogenetic analysis. Conclusion GETV and genotypeⅠ JEV were first isolated from mosquitoes collected in Guizhou province, China. The GETV strains in Guizhou province have a close phylogenetic association with the strains isolated from other provinces in China, and the JEV strain in Guizhou province has a close phylogenetic association with the strains isolated from Sichuan province, China.

2012, 23 (5): 417-420.

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Isolation and identification of mosquito-borne viruses in Mile county,Yunnan province, China in 2009

FENG Yun, CHEN Wei-wu, YANG Wei-hong, ZHANG Yu-zhen, YANG Du-juan, LIU Fen, ZHANG Juan, WANG Pi-yu, BAI Peng-fei, DOU You-jian, LI Ji-hui, ZHANG Hai-lin

Abstract （663）

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Objective To investigate the distribution patterns of mosquito-borne viruses in Mile county, Honghe prefecture, Yunnan province, China, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases. Methods Mosquito samples were collected in Mile county during July 2009. Viruses were isolated from the samples through cell culture and then identified by molecular biology techniques. Results Nine virus strains were isolated from the mosquito samples including 4400 individuals of Culex tritaeniorhynchus and 2200 individuals of Anopheles sinensis. Seven strains, which were from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, were identified as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), and 2 strains, which were from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and An. sinensis, were identified as Cx. pipiens pallens densovirus (CppDNV). Conclusion JEV was first isolated from Mile county, Honghe prefecture, demonstrating that Mile county is an endemic area of JE from the etiological aspect. The prevalent JEV strain was confirmed to be genotypeⅠ, according to homology and phylogenetic analysis, and was first isolated in the southeast area in Yunnan province, China.

2012, 23 (5): 402-405.

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Investigation of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne viruses in northeast Yunnan province

YANG Du-juan, FU Shi-hong, ZHANG Hai-lin, YANG Wei-hong, FENG Yun, WANG Jing-lin, ZHANG Yu-zhen, WANG Pi-yu, CHEN Wei-xin, LIANG Guo-dong

Abstract （973）

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Objective To investigate the distribution patterns of mosquitoes and mosquito-borne viruses in Yunnan province to provide evidence for prevention and control of mosquito-borne diseases. Methods In 2009, mosquito samples were collected from 6 counties of Yunnan province. Mosquitoes were first classified, followed by cell culturing for viral isolation for molecular identification. Positive isolates were identified using SDS-PAGE and RT-PCR. The genomes of isolates were also, sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Results A total of 18 562 mosquitos of 4 genera (Culex, Anopheles, Armigeres, Aedes) and 24 species were collected. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and An. sinensis were the major species, comprising 58.37% and 28.45% of the total population, respectively. Fifteen strains of viruses were isolated from the mosquito pools. RT-PCR and phylogenetic analysis revealed two viral strains from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, identified as Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV, GenotypeⅠ). One strain isolated from An. sinensis was identified as Banna virus. Twelve vrial strains were identified as Cx. pipiens pallens densovirus (CppDNV), of these, nine strains were isolated from Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, and three strains from An. sinensis. Conclusion Cx. tritaeniorhynchus and An. sinensis were the predominant species in the investigated areas. JEV, Banna virus and CppDNV were isolated. In northeast Yunnan, JEV was isolated for the first time.

2011, 22 (4): 304-308,312.

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Newly arbovirus isolated from arthropod in China

FENG Yun , ZHANG Hai-Lin, LIANG Guo-Dong

Abstract （1165）

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2009, 20 (2): 178-181.

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Monitoring of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Yunnan province,China,2005

ZHANG Yun-zhi; ZHANG Hai-lin; MI Zhu-qing; YANG Wei-hong; YA Hong-xiang; YUAN Qing-hong; FENG Yun; ZHANG Yu-zhen

Abstract （1329）

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Objective To understand epidemiological characteristic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) and provide information for control and prevention of HFRS in Yunnan province. Methods The data of cases of HFRS was collected in Yunnan province and human sera, the lung tissue and sera of rodents were collected in the surveillance counties. Then the antibody and antigen of Hantavirus was detected. Results The 46 cases had been reported in Yunnan province in 2005. The incident rate was 0.103/100 000. The main attacking areas were Dali prefecture, Kunming city and Honghe prefecture. The 8 species of 713 rodents had been captured and the 262 rodent sera and 407 human sera had been collected in Luxi, Xundian and Yongsheng counties where are surveillance areas. Rattus norvegicus and R.flavipectus were the dominant species in human living areas and Apodemus chevrieri was the dominant species in the fields. The Hantavirus carrying rate was 3.22%(23/713) in rodents and the rodents carrying virus were R.norvegicus, R.flavipectus, A.chevrieri, Eothenomys miletus and Suncus murinus. The positive rate of the antibody in human and rodent was 3.19%(13/407) and 4.96%(13/262) respectively. The latent infected rate was 3.00%(3/100) in Luxi county in the spring and summer. However the rate was 5.13%(4/78) in the autumn. So the rate was higher in the spring and summer than that in the fall. Conclusion There are the Rattus epidemic foci with the main hosts of R.norvegicus and R.flavipectus and there are also the Apodemus epidemic foci with the main hosts of A.agrarius and E.miletus in the surveillance areas. The increasing incident rate is related to the high rodents density and the rate of infected virus in the rodents.

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Surveillance of Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome in Yunnan Province, China, in 2004

YANG Wei-hong; ZHANG Hai-lin; MI Zhu-qing; ZHANG Yun-zhi; ZHANG Yu-zhen; YA Hong-xiang; FENG Yun; YUAN Qing-hong

Abstract （1310）

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Objective To understand epidemiological characteristic of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome(HFRS) and to offer a guidance of HFRS control and prevention in Yunnan province. Methods Collecting the data of cases of HFRS in Yunnan province and collecting human sera and the lung tissue and sera of rodents in the surveillance counties and detecting the antibody and antigen of hantavirus. Results The 55 cases and 2 deaths had been reported in Yunnan province in 2004. The incident rate was 0.13/100 000 and the case fatality rate was 3.64%. The main attacked areas were in Dali prefecture,Kunming city,Honghe prefecture,and Chuxiong prefecture. The 10 species of 803 rodents had been captured and the 314 rodent sera and 313 human sera had been collected in Luxi,Xundian and Yongsheng counties which were the surveillance areas. The rodents of Rattus norvegicus and Rattus flavipectus were the dominant species in human living areas and the rodents of Apodemus agrarius was the dominant species in these fields. The hantavirus carrying rate was 3.89% ( 26/668) in rodents and the virus carrying rodents were Rattus norvegicus, Rattus flavipectus, Mus musculus, Apodemus agrarius, Suncus murinus and Blarinella guadraticauda. The positive rate of the antibody in human and rodent was 3.50% and 2.24% respectively. The 16 species of 896 rodents had been captured in 10 counties (or city) of the western Yunnan province and the rodents of Eothenomys miletus was the dominant species. The hattanvirus carrying rate was 3.01% ( 27/896) in rodents and the rodents of virus carrying were R.norvegicus, R.flavipectus,M.musculus, R.nitidus, A.agrarius, S.murinus and B.guadraticauda. Conclusion There are the Rattus foci with the hosts of the main rodents of R.norvegicus and R.flavipectus and there are the Apodemus foci with the host of the main rodents of A.agrarius and E.miletus in the surveillance areas too. The incident had been increasing as the density of rodents and the rate of infected virus in the rodents was going up.

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Establishment Laboratorial Population of Yunnan Strain of Culex tritaeriorhynchus and Their Biological Characters

FENG Yun;ZHANG Hai-lin;YA Hong-xiang;et al

Abstract （1116）

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Objective To obtain a laboratory population of Culex tritaeriorhynchus,and evaluate their biological characters.Methods Larvae were reared using powder of ox liver and steamed bum( 1∶1) and adults were fed by bloods of rabbit and mouse,under the conditions of temperature between 24 ℃ and 27 ℃(less than 2 ℃ difference for daytime and night),the relative humidity was from 70% to 80% with green plants in cages.Results 7 generations had been propagated successfully from August 2003 to January 2004.The average hatching rate,pupating rate and eclosion rate was 75.64%,80.74% and 90.97% respectively.The life cycle last from 9 to 16 days.Adults began to mate in the first or the second days after pupating.Females began to bite animals in the third day,biting animals came to peak in the sixth day and began to lay eggs in the third day after biting animals.Conclusion It is the key to increase the survival rate,the mating rate and the mouseblood sucking rate for C.tritaeriorhynchus.